心理科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 546-551.

• 基础、实验与工效 • 上一篇    下一篇

汉语名-动兼类效应的神经机制研究

刘涛1,2,2,马鹏举2,于亮2,刘俊飞2,杨亦鸣2   

  1. 1. 南京师范大学
    2. 徐州师范大学
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-24 修回日期:2011-02-02 出版日期:2011-05-20 发布日期:2011-06-19
  • 通讯作者: 杨亦鸣
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究“十一五”规划项目;江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目;江苏省哲学社会科学“十一五”规划资助项目;江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金重点项目

An event-related potential study of noun-verb ambiguous effect in Chinese

  • Received:2010-08-24 Revised:2011-02-02 Online:2011-05-20 Published:2011-06-19

摘要: 文章运用ERP技术,考察了汉语名-动兼类词在语法语境下的脑神经机制。实验结果显示,名-动兼类词与非兼类的名词和动词所诱发的P600成分没有显著差异,只有在动词语境下,名-动兼类词才在额区和中央区诱发出一个更小的N400成分;与动词语境中的名-动兼类词相比,名词语境中的名-动兼类词诱发出更大的P600成分,这与非兼类名词、动词相互分离的神经机制相同。根据实验结果认为,与相应的非兼类名词和动词相比,从语法角度划分的汉语名-动兼类词没有特异的脑神经机制。

关键词: 名-动兼类词, 名词, 动词, ERP, 语法, 神经机制, noun-verb ambiguous words, noun, verb, ERP, grammar, neural mechanism

Abstract: Electrophysiological techniques were used to examine the effect of word class ambiguity on the brain response to Chinese noun-verb word class ambiguous words, namely, whether noun-verb word class ambiguous words and word class unambiguous items (nouns and verbs) engage different neural mechanism in grammatically well-specified contexts. There were three sets of stimuli used in the experiments: (1) word class unambiguous nouns, (2) word class unambiguous verbs, and (3) noun-verb word class ambiguous words(can be used as both nouns and verbs, but nouns and verbs senses have little or no semantic ambiguity). Words length and word frequency were matched across three word types. These stimuli were embedded in two contrastive grammatical phrase contexts that explicitly specified their word class: “yi ge(一个)+ _”(e. g., noun-predicting) and “bu yuan(不愿) + _” (e. g., verb-predicting,). All the phrases were ranged randomly and presented visually word by word. The subjects were asked to decide whether the presented phrase represented a legal or illegal phrase. ERPs in response to the nouns, verbs and noun-verb ambiguous words in different contexts were recorded. The ERPs were then analyzed using a repeated -measures ANOVA. Fig. 2 showed significant ERP differences between noun-verb ambiguous words and word class unambiguous word in intervals of 270-350ms. Unambiguous words elicited a larger N400 than did noun-verb ambiguous verbs over frontal and central sites, p=0.016. But the N400 effect only appeared in the verb-predicting context(see fig. 4), p=0.01. There no significant P600 effect between noun-verb ambiguous words and word class unambiguous word in intervals of 450-600ms. Fig. 6(left) showed significant word class effect for unambiguous nouns and unambiguous verbs. When the context completely matched their grammatical role, compared to unambiguous nouns, unambiguous verbs elicited a larger N400 over frontal and central sites, p=0.046, and a smaller P600 over posterior areas, p=0.04. Similarly, word class ambiguous words used as nouns elicited a larger P600 than did word class ambiguous words used as verbs(see Fig. 6 right), p=0.05. P600 was the index of grammatical process which elicited by grammatical features of word class in our experiment. Thus, according to the present data, we argue that noun-verb word class ambiguous words in Chinese are not special neural mechanism compared to word class unambiguous nouns and verbs.