心理科学

心理科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 733-737.

• 生理与医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高中生自杀意念的素质—应激模型：多时段追踪研究

陈君1,杨娟2,3,朱熊兆4,姚树桥3   

  1. 1. 中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理学中心; 湖南师范大学教育科学学院
    2. 海南医学院
    3. 中南大学湘雅二医院
    4.
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-17 修回日期:2011-02-23 出版日期:2011-05-20 发布日期:2011-06-19
  • 通讯作者: 陈君

A Diathesis-Stress Model of Suicidal Ideation in Highschoolers: A Multiwave Longitudinal Study

  • Received:2010-07-17 Revised:2011-02-23 Online:2011-05-20 Published:2011-06-19
  • Contact: Jun Chen

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摘要：

目的：探讨神经质人格和负性生活事件的跨层相互作用对自杀意念的影响。方法：采用自杀意念问卷、青少年生活事件问卷和大五人格量表—神经质分量表等自评量表对618名高中生进行评估，每三个月追踪1次，共追踪7次，历时21个月，用多层线性模型分析数据。结果：在控制了第一次自杀意念和性别的影响后，负性生活事件的主效应（b = 0.08, F(1, 2963) = 37.93, p < 0.001）、负性生活事件与神经质人格的相互作用（b = 0.03, F(1, 2963) = 4.35, p < 0.001）显著，而神经质人格的主效应不显著（b = 0.59, F(1, 557)= 3.05, p > 0.05）。结论：神经质人格和负性生活事件的跨层相互作用可以预测自杀意念的变化，支持素质—应激模型。

关键词: 神经质人格, 调节作用, 自杀意念, 多层线性模型, 高中生

Abstract:

Purposes: To examine whether neuroticism moderates the relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation. Methods: A stratified one-stage cluster sampling produced a representative sample of students who attended public high schools. During the initial assessment, 618 high school students (302 boys, 316 girls) completed the following 3 scales to assess negative life events, neuroticism and suicidal ideation: ⑴ adolescent life events quetionnaire-revised (ALEQ-R), ⑵ NEO five factor inventory-neuroticism subscale (NEO-FFI-N), ⑶suicidal ideation questionnaire (SIQ). Researchers returned to the schools to meet with students every three months for the subsequent 21 months (i.e., 3months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 15 months, 18 months and 21 months). At each of these follow-up assessments, students completed each of the following questionnaires: (1) SIQ, (2) ALEQ-R. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling analyses. Our dependent variable was within-subject fluctuations in SIQ scores during the follow-up interval. Our primary predictors of SIQ were fluctuations in ALEQ-R scores during the follow-up interval (STRESS), and NEO five factor inventory-neuroticism subscale (NEO-FFI-N). As NEO-FFI-N is a between-subject variable, NEO-FFI-N scores were standardized prior to analyses. As STRESS is a within-subject predictor, ALEQ-R scores were centered at each participant’s mean prior to analyses such that STRESS reflects upwards or downwards fluctuations in an adolescent’s level of stress compared to his/her mean level of stress. Results: Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that after controlling the effects of initial levels of suicidal ideation and gender on suicidal ideation, a non-significant main effect of neuroticism arised (? = .59, F(1, 557)= 3.05, p > .05), while a significant main effect of negative life events (? = .08, F(1, 2963) = 37.93, p < .001) appeared. Additionally, a significant two-way, cross-level interaction emerged between negative life events and neuroticism (? = .03, F(1, 2963) = 4.35, p < .001). Conclusions: The association between negative life events and suicidal ideation is moderated by nueroticism. Adolescents who had higher levels of neuroticism reported greater elevations in suicidal ideation following elevations in negative life events than other adolescents did.

Key words: neuroticism, moderator effect, suicidal ideation, hierarchical linear model, Highschoolers