负性情绪材料的定向遗忘及心理机制

心理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 50-55.

负性情绪材料的定向遗忘及心理机制

杨文静¹,刘培朵¹,²,杨金华³,肖宵¹,张庆林⁴

1. 西南大学心理学院
2.
3. 重庆市北碚区西南大学心理学院
4. 重庆西南大学

收稿日期:2010-09-13 修回日期:2011-05-13 出版日期:2012-01-20 发布日期:2012-01-20
通讯作者: 张庆林

Directed forgetting of emotional memories and its mechanisms

²,², ², ²,

Received:2010-09-13 Revised:2011-05-13 Online:2012-01-20 Published:2012-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用项目法定向遗忘的研究范式，在两个实验中分别采用文字和图片材料考察了情绪性记忆定向遗忘的效果及其心理机制。实验中采用了中性和负性两种实验材料，设置了两种记忆指令出现时间（2秒后提示和5秒后提示），相对于中性材料，被试更不容易忘记负性材料。记忆指令出现的时间只影响图片材料的定向遗忘。研究表明负性情绪会干扰定向遗忘，选择性编码理论可以解释情绪性文字材料的定向遗忘，而抑制理论更能解释情绪性图片材料的定向遗忘效应。

关键词: 定向遗忘, 项目法, 情绪性记忆, 选择性编码, 注意抑制

Key words: directed forgetting, item-method, emotional memory, selective encoding, attentional inhibitory

杨文静刘培朵杨金华肖宵张庆林. 负性情绪材料的定向遗忘及心理机制[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(1): 50-55.

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