心理科学

心理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 123-128.

• 发展与教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

大学生心理需求及其满足与网络成瘾的关系

邓林园1,方晓义2,万晶晶3,张锦涛1,夏翠翠1   

  1. 1. 北京师范大学
    2. 北京师范大学心理学院
    3. 华中科技大学
  • 收稿日期:2011-09-01 修回日期:2011-12-16 出版日期:2012-01-20 发布日期:2012-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 方晓义

Psychological Needs, Need Gratification and Internet Addiction among College Students

  • Received:2011-09-01 Revised:2011-12-16 Online:2012-01-20 Published:2012-01-20

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摘要：

以武汉地区1183名大学生为被试，通过问卷调查探讨大学生心理需求程度及其在现实和网络中的满足程度与网络成瘾的关系。结果表明：与非网络成瘾大学生相比，网络成瘾大学生的心理需求的网络满足更多而现实满足更低，但两组大学生的心理需求程度并无明显差异；网络成瘾大学生的心理需求与网络满足的相关高于与现实满足的相关，但非成瘾大学生不存在这种差异；心理需求现实满足高但网络满足低的大学生网络成瘾的比率最低，而心理需求现实满足低网络满足高的大学生网络成瘾的比率最高。

关键词: 关键词：大学生, 心理需求, 现实满足, 网络满足, 网络成瘾

Abstract:

Need is the inner drive of human behavior and actions. Although a few researchers found several needs (success, interpersonal communication, etc.) related to internet addiction, there were still many people who had the same needs but not addicted to internet. Therefore, there must be some other variables influencing the relationship between psychological needs and internet addiction. Through a pilot study of interviewing internet addicted college students, we presented two concepts— reality-gratification and internet-gratification, which can be used to deeply explore the relationship between psychological needs and internet addiction in this study. The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among Internet Addiction, psychological needs, and need gratifications both in reality and on the Internet. 1183 college students were selected to complete two questionnaires, including Psychological Needs and Gratification Scale for College Students and Young’s Internet Addiction Scale. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between needs, reality-need gratifications and internet-need gratifications; T-test and MANOVA were both used to testify the differences between Internet addicts and non-addicts at needs and need gratifications; Chi-square test was used to explore the difference of Internet addiction rate among several subject groups. The results reveal that: (1) There were few differences in needs between Internet addicts and non-addicts; however, there were a lot of differences in need gratification between the two groups: the needs of Internet addicts were significantly more satisfied on the Internet than non-addicts, especially for power need, meeting challenge need, social need, and avoiding reality need, while the needs of non-addicts were significantly more satisfied in reality than addicts, especially for identity need, meeting challenge need, social need, cognition need and achievement need; (2) the needs of non-addicts were with significant positive correlations to both reality gratification and Internet gratification, but with stronger correlations to reality gratification; however, the needs of Internet addicts were with more significant correlations to Internet gratification while with few correlations to reality gratification; (3) college students with low reality gratification but high Internet gratification of psychological needs were most prone to Internet addiction. In a conclusion, the study shows significant Internet compensation effect of psychological needs in Internet addicts and it is probably not need but need gratification leading to Internet addiction. Therefore, psychotherapists should pay much attention to their psychological needs and gratifications when dealing with internet addicted college students.

Key words: Key words: college students, psychological needs, reality gratification, Internet gratification, Internet addiction