关键词: 关键词：精神分裂症, 外显记忆, 内隐记忆

Abstract: Abstract□□Purposes This paper aims at exploring explicit memory and implicit memory impairment in schizophrenia, and making comparisons among patients with different subtypes of schizophrenia in this aspect. Method Fifty-nine patients with schizophrenia and forty normal controls were tested in word perceptual driven experiment, word concept driven experiment, image perceptual driven experiment, image concept driven experiment separately by the method of revised process dissociation procedure，and compared the difference between their explicit memory and implicit memory. At the same time, the patients were divided into two subtypes by the positive and negative symptoms of scale (PANSS), and then compared the change of explicit memory and implicit memory between the two subtypes. In the experiment, there were three sessions, study and test, and an interruption task between study and test. Then calculated the R and A by the method of revised process dissociation procedure, and made comparisons with these data. Results These subjects were tested in the word perceptual driven experiment, word concept driven experiment, image perceptual driven experiment, image concept driven experiment separately, so we could know better explicit memory and implicit memory impairment in patients from different processing mechanism. And it also had a good improvement in accuracy for using the method of revised process dissociation procedure. From this, we learned not only the change of explicit memory, but also implicit memory in schizophrenia, and then we could deepen the further understanding of the cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. the results were as follows: (1)In word concept driven experiment, image perceptual driven experiment, image concept driven experiment, explicit memory results in normal controls were higher than patients, the difference reached statistical significance（P<.01）,in word perceptual driven experiment, the results did not differ remarkably（P>0.05）.In word concept driven experiment and image concept driven experiment, the implicit memory results in normal controls were higher than patients, the difference reached statistical significance（P<.05）,in word perceptual driven experiment and image perceptual driven experiment, the results did not differ remarkably（P>0.05）(2)In the four experimental types, explicit memory results in patients with positive symptoms were higher than those with negative symptoms, the difference reached statistical significance（P<.05;P<.01）but in implicit memory, the results did not differ remarkably（P>0.05）.(3)There were no distinct correlations between positive symptoms and explicit memory results in the four experiments. There existed significant inverse correlations between negative symptoms and explicit memory results in the four experiments. There were no distinct correlations between positive, negative symptom and implicit memory in the four experiments. Conclusions The function of implicit memory in schizophrenia was relatively complete, but explicit memory impairment was prominent, especially in patients with negative symptoms. Key words□□Schizophrenia, explicit memory, implicit memory

Key words: Key words：Schizophrenia, explicit memory, implicit memory