民族认同的概念、测量及研究述评

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 民族认同对个人心理健康、国家团结和谐有着重大意义，已成为当今研究中的热点问题。文章针对民族认同涵义正在逐步拓宽的发展趋势，分析了民族认同的内涵及与相关概念的关系。在描述民族认同测量多维性的基础上，梳理并比较了MEIM、MEIM-R和EIS等应用广泛的民族认同测量工具。归纳了以民族认同作为调节变量、中介变量的最新研究及其相关研究。未来民族认同研究深化的基本途径为关键术语一致化、研究方法精确化和评估水平全面化。

关键词: 民族认同, 测量, 调节变量, 中介变量

Abstract: Ethnic identity has become a hot issue, because it is of great significance to individual mental health as well as national unity and harmony. The concept of ethnic identity, the relationships between ethnic identity and its related concepts were analyzed according to the widening trend of the concept. On the basis of describing the multi-dimensional measurement of ethnic identity, MEIM, MEIM-R and EIS scales were compared. From the empirical point of view, the relevant and latest researches in which ethnic identity were used as the moderator or mediator were summarized. In future, the basic ways to deepen ethnic identity study include uniformizing pivotal terminologies, making research methods more precise and levels of assessment more comprehensive.

Key words: ethnic identity, measurement, moderator, mediator

张艳红佐斌. 民族认同的概念、测量及研究述评[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(2): 467-471.

参考文献

崔新建. (2004).文化认同及其根源.北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）, 4,102–105. 秦向荣, 佐斌. (2007).民族认同的心理学实证研究: 11～20岁青少年民族认同的结构和状况. 湖北民族学院学报 (哲学社会科学版 ), 6, 37–41. 王亚鹏. (2002). 藏族大学生的民族认同、文化适应与心理疏离感. 硕士学位论文. 西北师范大学. 郑晓云. (1992).文化认同与文化变迁. 北京：中国社会科学出版社. Anderson, A. B. (1980). The survival of ethno-linguistic minorities: Canadian and comparative research. In H. Giles & B. St Jacques (Eds.), Language and ethnic interaction(pp. 67–79). Oxford, England: Pergamon. Ashmore, R., Deaux, K., & McLaughlin-Volpe, T. (2004). An organizing framework for collective identity: Articulation and significance of multidimensionality.Psychological Bulletin, 130, 80–114. Carla, J., & Regianld, J. (1998). Racial Identity, African Self-consciousness, and Career Decision Making in African American College Women. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 26, 28–36. Cokley, K. (2005). Racial(ized) identity, ethnic identity, and Afrocentric values: Conceptual and methodological challenges in understanding African American identity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 517–526. Cokley, K. (2007). Critical Issues in the Measurement of Ethnic and Racial Identity:A Referendum on the State of the Field. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 224–234. Costigan, C., Su, T. F., & Hua, J. M. (2009). Ethnic Identity Among Chinese Canadian Youth:A Review of the Canadian Literature. Canadian Psychology, 50, 261–272. Cross, W. E., Jr. & Cross, T. B. (in press). Theory, research, and models. In S. M. Quintana & C. McKown (Eds.), Race, racism and developing child. New York: Wiley. Cynthia, F. (2009). Education and Ethnic Identity Formation among Children of Latin American and Caribbean Immigrants. Sociological Perspectives, 52, 135–158. French, S., Seidman, E., Allen, L., & Aber, J. L. (2006). The development of ethnic identity during adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 42, 1–10. Gurung, R. A., & Mehta, V. (2001). Relating ethnic identity, acculturation,and attitudes toward treating minority clients. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 7, 139–151. Gushue, G. (2006). The relationship of ethnic identity, career decisionmaking self-efficacy and outcome expectations among Latino/a high school students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 85–95. Guzman, M. R., Santiago-Rivera, A., & Hasse, R. F. (2005). Understandingacademic attitudes and achievement in Mexican-origin youths: Ethnic identity, other-group orientation, and fatalism. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 11, 3–15. Helms, J., & Talleyrand, R. (1997). Race is not ethnicity. American Psychologist, 52, 1246–1247. Helms, J. E. (2007). Some better practices for measuring racial and ethnic identity constructs. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 235–246. Holmes, K. J., & Lochman. J. E. (2009). Ethnic identity in African American and European American preadolescents: Relation to self-worth, social goals, and aggression. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 29, 476–496. Jaret, C., & Reitzes, D. C. ( 2009). Currents in a stream: College student identities and ethnic identities and their relationship with self-esteem, efficacy, and grade point average in an urban university. Social Science Quarterly, 90, 345–367. Kiang, L., Yip, T., Gonzales, M., Witkow, M., & Fuligni, A. (2006). Ethnic identity and daily psychological well-being of adolescents from Mexican and Chinese backgrounds. Child Development, 77, 1338–1350. Kim, S., & Gelfand, M. (2003). The influence of ethnic identity on perceptions of organizational recruitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior,63, 396–416. Kuhn, T. S. (1996). The structure of scientific revolutions (3rd ed). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Kwan, K. K., & Sodowsky, G. R. (1997). Internal and external ethnic identity and their correlates: A study of Chinese American immigrants.Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 25, 51–67. Laroche, M., Kim, C., & Tomiuk, M. (1998). A test of nonlinear relationship between linguistic acculturation and ethnic identification. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29, 418–433. Laroche, M., Kim, C., Tomiuk, M., & Belisle, D. (2005). Similarities in Italian and Greek multidimensional ethnic identity: Some implications for food consumption. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 21, 143–167. Laroche, M., Pons, F., & Richard, M. O. (2009). The Role of Language in Ethnic Identity Measurement: A Multitrait-Multimethod Approach to Construct Validation. The Journal of Social Psychology, 149, 513–539. Lee, R. M. (2005). Resilience against discrimination: Ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 36–44. Moodley, R., & Palmer, S. (2006). Race, culture and other multiple constructions: An absence in psychotherapy. In R. Moodley & S. Palmer (Eds.), Race, culture, and psychotherapy (pp. 11–26). London: Routledge. Mossakowski, K. N. (2003). Coping with perceived discrimination: Does ethnic identity protect mental health? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44, 318–331. Netemeyer, R. G., Bearden, W. O., & Sharma, S. (2003). Scaling procedures:Issues and applications. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Pahl, K., & Way, N. (2006). Longitudinal trajectories of ethnic identityamong urban Black and Latino adolescents. Child Development, 77, 1403–1415. Phan, T., & Tylka, T. L. (2006). Exploring a model of moderators of disordered eating with Asian American college women. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 36–47. Phelps, R. E., Taylor, J. D., & Gerard, P. A. (2001). Cultural mistrust,ethnic identity, racial identity, and self-esteem among ethnically diverse Black students. Journal of Counseling and Development, 79, 209–216. Phinney, J. S. (1990). Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: Review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 499–514. Phinney, J. S. (1992). The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A new scale for use with diverse groups. Journal of Adolescent Research, 7,156–176. Phinney, J. S. (1996). When we talk about American ethnic groups, what do we mean? American Psychologist, 51, 918–927. Phinney, J. S., & Ong, A. D. (2007). Conceptualization and measurement of ethnic identity: Current status and future directions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 271–281. Quintana, S. M. (2007). Racial and ethnic identity: Developmental perspectives and research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 259–270. Richard, M. O. (2005). Modeling the impact of internet atmospherics on surfer behavior. Journal of Business Research, 58, 1632–1642. Romero, A., & Roberts, R. (2003). The impact of multiple dimensions of ethnic identity on discrimination and adolescents’ self-esteem. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 2288–2305. Ryan, D. D., & Elizabeth, A. K. (2009). Ethnic Identity and Career Development Among First-Year College Students. Journal of Career Assessment, 17, 286–297. Taijfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories. Cambridge,England: Cambridge University. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In: Worchel. S, & Austin. W (eds.), Psychology of Intergroup Relations (pp. 7–24). Chicago: Nelson Hall. Trimble, J. E. (2007). Prolegomena for the Connotation of Construct Use in the Measurement of Ethnic and Racial Identity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54, 247–258. Umana-Taylor, A. J., Yazedjian, A., & Bamaca-Gomez, M. (2004). Developing the Ethnic Identity Scale using Eriksonian and social identity perspectives. Identity, 4, 9–38. Utsey, S. O., Chae, M. H., Brown, C. F., & Kelly, D. (2002). Effect of ethnic group membership on ethnic identity, race-related stress, and quality of life. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 8, 366–377. Worrell, F., Conyers, L., Mpofu, E., & Vandiver, B. (2006). Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure scores in a sample of adolescents from Zimbabwe. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 6, 35–59. Yip, T., Gee, G. C., & Takeuchi, D. T. (2008). Racial discrimination and psychological distress: The impact of ethnic identity and age among immigrant and United States-born Asian adults. Developmental Psychology, 44, 787–800. Yoo, H. C., & Lee, R. M. (2008). Does ethnic identity buffer or exacerbate the effects of frequent discrimination on situational wellbeing of Asian Americans? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55, 63–74. Zhang, Yuanyuan, Dixon, T. L., & Conrad, K. (2009). Rap music videos and African American women's body image: The moderating role of ethnic identity. Journal of Communication, 59, 262–278.

[1]	李宇斌蔡艳涂冬波. 手机依赖的计算机化自适应测量及其效果评估[J]. , 2020, (3): 748-755.
[2]	毛秀珍刘欢唐倩. 双因子模型MCAT中多级评分项目选题策略的比较[J]. 心理科学, 2019, (1): 187-193.
[3]	余跃杜文久周娟秦菊香. LP方法及其与三种常用DIF检测方法的比较[J]. 心理科学, 2016, 39(3): 720-726.
[4]	孙兰孟慧仲伟佶. 员工的核心自我评价与多维生活满意度的关系：感知社会支持的中介作用[J]. 心理科学, 2014, 37(5): 1232-1237.
[5]	张姝玥蒋钦谢丹菊. 大学生对一般生活事件和意外事故的乐观和悲观偏差估计：直接和间接测量的比较[J]. 心理科学, 2013, 36(2): 458-462.
[6]	杨丽珠沈悦马世超. 幼儿气质、教师期望和同伴接纳对自我控制的影响[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(6): 1410-1415.
[7]	牛端张敏强. 高校教师胜任特征模型的构建与验证[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(5): 1240-1246.
[8]	黎坚李一茗张厚粲. 离线元认知调节的结构探索与验证[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(5): 1190-1195.
[9]	李明叶浩生. 公共服务动机测量的发展与展望[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(4): 932-936.
[10]	徐建平张厚粲杜艳婷 P. J. Tellegen. 斯-欧非言语智力测验评介[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(4): 984-987.
[11]	李冲刘红云. 等级数据的测量不变性检验及影响因素模拟研究[J]. 心理科学, 2011, 34(6): 1482-1487.
[12]	郑显亮顾海根赵必华. 二阶因素模型的测量等价性检验——以大学生网络利他行为量表为例[J]. 心理科学, 2011, 34(5): 1195-1200.
[13]	关丹丹王博车宏生. 2007-2010年心理学专业基础综合考试的多元概化理论研究[J]. 心理科学, 2011, 34(4): 950-956.
[14]	王金良张大均. 心理授权研究进展[J]. 心理科学, 2011, 34(3): 598-601.
[15]	石晶崔丽娟. 国外心理契约破坏及结果变量与调节变量：述评与展望[J]. 心理科学, 2011, 34(2): 429-434.