Abstract: Cooperative behavior is crucial to human’s sustaining development. However, how such behavior occurs and how to maintain this behavior are still less commonly explored. These questions have attracted much focus from different realms such as psychology, biology, economy, and neuroscience. On a day-to-day basis, cooperative behavior can be conceptualized as a decision which is made based on the cognition of others’ (both groups and individuals) psychological state, emotions, and behavioral intention during interpersonal dynamic processes (including both group-level and individual-level). A number of prior researches have proved that, some motivation factors, such as award pursuit, punishment avoidance, desire to gain reputation and exclusion avoidance, benefit the occurrence of cooperative behaviors. In addition, individual differences, such as orientation of social value, sex difference and self-control are crucial prediction source of cooperative behaviors. However, cooperative behaviors in real life often occur in the process of actual interpersonal interaction and interactive information from opponents will certainly influence individual's cooperative behaviors. For example, facial attractiveness and racial characteristic may influence individual's cooperative behaviors through psychological perceptions. Currently, research on factors that influence cooperative behaviors mainly focus on external motivations and individual differences of decision makers, but there are few studies that have examined how actors’ behaviors influence individuals’ cooperative behaviors. Social mindfulness refers to one’s attention towards and protection and satisfaction of others’ autonomous needs in the processes of interpersonal interactions. This construct provides a novel angle for investigating the dynamic processes underlying cooperative behavior. A simulation behavioral experiment was conducted in real contexts of interpersonal interaction, aimed to reveal how and why the behavior agent’s social mindfulness would affect recipient’s cooperative behavior in the perspective of trust. This experiment was a single factor experimental design, 110 participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions (i.e., 55 participants for high social mindfulness condition; 55 participants for low high social mindfulness condition). SoMi Paradigm was used and individual’s levels of social mindfulness was manipulated by setting the proportion of Player A’s (i.e., confederate) selection of “unique object” and “not unique object”. Trust game was used to measure the level of trust opponent, and public goods game (PGG) was used to test participants’ cooperative behavior. The result showed that regardless of being a receiver or an observer, participants playing with confederate high in social mindfulness were more prone to contribute more resources in PGG. The results of mediation analysis indicated that trust partially mediated the association of social mindfulness with cooperation. Specifically, participants trusted more people with higher levels of social mindfulness, and believed more that they would not betray them, and therefore were more willing to put more resources in public account to maximize collective gains. In conclusion, the current research demonstrate that trust is a crucial mechanism that explain behavior agent’s social mindfulness and recipient’s cooperative behavior. In other words, social mindfulness provides cues of developing trust during interpersonal processes and reduces one’s motivational defense, which leads to the possibility of cooperation and win-win benefit.

Key words: cooperation, social mindfulness, trust, public good game, interactive game

摘要： 社会善念是个体在人际互动中充满善意地关注、尊重并保护他人选择的需要和权利的行为，通过实施社会善念有助于提升他人的合作行为。为检验这一假设，本实验设置了“施—受”双方的互动博弈情境，采用“物品选择游戏”操纵实施者的社会善念水平，分别利用信任博弈和公共物品游戏测查接受者在互动过程中的信任水平和合作行为。结果发现：相比于低社会善念组，被试在高社会善念组中表现出更高的信任水平和合作行为。进一步路径分析也发现，信任在感知社会善念与合作行为间发挥着部分中介作用。由此可见，社会善念行为的实施为互动双方建立信任关系提供了重要线索，降低了人们时时“设防”的监控动机，使合作带来的利益双赢成为可能。

关键词: 合作行为, 社会善念, 信任, 公共物品游戏, 互动博弈