关键词: 闯入性思维, 自我控制, 网络成瘾, 有限自制力理论

Abstract: As of June 2018, the number of Internet users in China reached 802 million. The Internet has brought great convenience to people’s work, study and life, but also with some negative effects, such as cyber violence, pornographic and addiction. Among these negative problems, Internet addiction is most concerned. Previous studies have suggested that individual characteristics (personality, self, needs, emotion, thinking), environmental characteristics (schools, families, peers) and network use characteristics (motivation and experience) can affect Internet addition, but few studies have focused on the role of intrusive thoughts. Almost everyone experiences intrusive thoughts which can cause a series of adaptation problems like anxiety, depression and obsession. Because the intrusive thoughts have negative effects on individual adaptation, intrusive thoughts may affect Internet addiction, which is a type of adverse adaptation in the digital age. Based on the Limited Resource Model of Self-Control, we examined the impact of intrusive thoughts on Internet addition, the mediating effect of self-control, and the moderating effect of cognitive reappraisal. The participants of this study consisted of 371 students, these participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including Intrusive Thoughts Scale, Self-control Scale, Cognitive Reappraisal Scale and Internet Addiction Scale. Results showed that: (1)Intrusive thoughts positively predicted Internet addiction; Self-control negatively predicted Internet addiction. (2) Self-control played a mediating role between intrusive thoughts and Internet addiction. (3) The first half of the mediating effects of “intrusive thoughts — Self-control — Internet addiction” is influenced by cognitive reappraisal; The influence of intrusive thoughts was much stronger for individuals with low cognitive reappraisal compared to that for individuals with high cognitive reappraisal. With the deepening of Internet addiction research, scholars pay more attention to finding in-depth theory to explain the process of Internet addiction formation. They have studied the Internet addiction from cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use, self-determination theory and ecosystem theory, but few studies based on the limited self-control theory. Self-control plays a central role as an impulsive control disorder in the development of Internet. Therefore, the limited self-control theory with self-control as its core provides an ideal theoretical direction for the study of Internet addiction. Future research can further examine whether there are other factors that influence Internet addiction by consuming self-control from this theory. This study suggests that intervention for Internet addiction should focus on the following aspects. Firstly, paying special attention to individuals who have experienced major stress events. Scholars have found that these individuals are more likely to experience intrusive thoughts, including natural disasters and bereavement. Secondly, cognitive training can be used to reduce intrusive thoughts, such as mindfulness therapy. Mindfulness emphasizes the acceptance of experience and can reduce the intrusive thoughts effectively. Finally, the negative impact of intrusive thoughts on Internet addiction can be weakened through instructional cognitive reappraisal. Whether it is spontaneous cognitive reappraisal or guided cognitive reappraisal, it will reduce the emotional response in stress situations. For individuals who is slow with using cognitive reappraisal, guided cognitive reappraisal can help them cope with intrusive thoughts, and then, reduce the risk of Internet addiction.

Key words: intrusive thoughts, self-control, internet addiction, limited resource model of self-control