心理科学

心理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 1004-1008.

• 临床与咨询 • 上一篇    下一篇

7-10岁学龄儿童ADHD筛查研究

周思洋1,时琴琴2,吴增强3   

  1. 1. 闽江学院
    2. 上海安兴汇东纸业有限公司
    3. 上海市教科院
  • 收稿日期:2010-11-03 修回日期:2011-05-13 出版日期:2012-07-20 发布日期:2012-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 周思洋

ADHD Screening of School-aged Children Aged 7 to 10

Yang SiZHOU1, 2,Zengqiang WU3   

  1. 1. Min Jiang University
    2. Shanghaianxinghuidongzhiyecompany
    3. Shanghai Academy of Educational Science
  • Received:2010-11-03 Revised:2011-05-13 Online:2012-07-20 Published:2012-09-29
  • Contact: Yang SiZHOU

摘要： 用SDQ（家长版）对上海10所小学二至四年级学生进行测查，以探求被试的ADHD症状表现，锁定ADHD高风险儿童。结果：（1）男生ADHD得分偏高（p<.01），但女生在红橙两个级别内的百分数均高于男生；（2）9岁被试的ADHD得分分布最分散，占男生ADHD红色级别的比例最大，在女生ADHD得分中均值最大；（3）红橙两个级别为高风险级别。结论：（1）9岁是ADHD症状表现最严重的年龄；（2）女生具有更高的ADHD风险；（3）ADHD高风险被试晒出率：男生14.4%，女生17.4%。

关键词: ADHD, ADHD得分, ADHD风险等级

Abstract: Purpose: We have chosen the pupils of Grade two to four from ten primary schools in Shanghai to target high-risk children of ADHD for the further multi-assessment. Tools: SDQ (parent-report) was completed by the American psychologist Goodman. R. and the norm in Shanghai was completed by Kou Jianhua, Du Yasong and Xia Liming in 2005, which shows good reliability and validity. Cross-cultural applicability of SDQ proved to be good. Methods: The sample consisted of 4483 children (7–10 years old) with valid answers on the whole 25 items of the SDQ parent-report. IBM SPSS Statistics 19 was used for statistical treatment. According to the results of statistical treatment, the number of the final selected subjects was 4454, aged from 7 to 10, including 2297 boys and 2157 girls. These subjects were divided into eight groups by age and sex. Boxplot, Descriptive Statistic and Independent-Samples T Test were used to for data processing. After that, we classified the scores of ADHD by groups (see Table 4 and 5). Procedure：In September of 2009, we informed the parents of the objects and obtained their consent of SDQ. Then 4483 valid questionnaires were received by deleting 305 invalid questionnaires from the total 4788. Effectiveness of the questionnaires is up to 93.63 percent. Results: Among boys, 8-year-old subjects achieved the highest score and 9-year-old subjects showed the most decentralized degree of the distribution; among girls, 9-year-old subjects achieved the highest score and showed the most decentralized degree of the distribution (see Table 1). Boys had higher scores (p<.01) at each age (see Table 1 and 2). Differences in ages existed but weren’t significant (see Table 3). Girls and 9-year-old boys eventually showed five grades, for there were no ADHD scores below the mean by two standard deviations. The remaining subjects receive six grades (see Table 4). Besides, in Grade Red and Orange, the two highest, the total percentage of girls was higher than boys (4.50VS.2.92, 12.48VS.11.48). Conclusion： (1)The most serious symptoms of ADHD appear at 9; (2) Girls have a higher risk of ADHD; (3) Children with High-risk ADHD are screened out: boy 14.4%, girl 17.4%. Innovation：The usage of hierarchical Strategy proved to be more scientific, with the research data reflecting the objective situation of ADHD with more details and the research findings closer to the truth.

Key words: ADHD, ADHD score, ADHD risk grade

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