心理科学

心理科学 ›› 2015, Vol. ›› Issue (5): 1162-1169.

• 社会﹑人格与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国人诚实-谦虚人格的特点及其内隐外显关系

杨帆1,夏之晨1,陈贝贝1,吴继霞2   

  1. 1. 苏州大学
    2. 苏州大学教育学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-15 修回日期:2015-03-04 出版日期:2015-09-20 发布日期:2015-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 吴继霞

The Characteristics of Chinese People’s Honesty-Humility Personality and Its Implicit and Explicit Relationships

Fan YANG1,CHEN ZHIXIABei-Bei CHENJi-Xia WU3   

  • Received:2014-07-15 Revised:2015-03-04 Online:2015-09-20 Published:2015-09-20
  • Contact: Ji-Xia WU

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摘要： 诚实-谦虚是重要的人格维度。研究一基于词汇假设法提出诚实包括坦诚、不欺骗、不狡猾、不虚伪等因子，谦虚包括自谦、不浮夸、不自傲、不虚荣等因子，证实中国人的诚实、谦虚相互独立且高相关。研究二通过问卷调查法发现：(1)诚实在性别、户籍上存在显著差异，谦虚在性别、是否独生子女上存在显著差异；(2)诚实对情绪智力、积极应对方式、追求成功动机有显著的正向预测作用，诚实对消极应对方式有显著的负向预测作用；(3)谦虚对追求成功动机有显著的负向预测作用。研究三采用内隐联想测验证实了内隐诚实、内隐谦虚的存在并且内隐外显相互分离。研究表明：中国人的诚实-谦虚人格为一阶8因子、二阶2因子的结构，诚实可以有效预测个体的情绪智力、应对方式和追求成功动机，谦虚可以有效预测个体追求成功动机，诚实、谦虚存在内隐效应且内隐外显之间相互分离。

关键词: 诚实, 谦虚, 特点, 文化, 内隐

Abstract: Compared with personality model of Big Five, honesty-humility is a new important dimension of HEXACO personality model. This research analyzed the basic characteristics and predictive function of honesty-humility personality. And this research also purposed to discuss the relationships between implicit and explicit honesty personality and humility personality. In experiment 1, we developed the questionnaire of Chinese Honesty and Humility Personality (CHHP). The questionnaire showed good reliability and validity. Based on the subjunctive vocabulary, we found that the honesty personality was structured by four dimensions and they were frank, deception-avoidance, cunning-avoidance and hypocrisy-avoidance. The humility personality was also structured by four dimensions and they were modesty, pompous-avoidance, arrogant-avoidance and vanity-avoidance. In experiment 2, we analyzed the Chinese people’s characteristics of honesty-humility personality on the demographic variables. We had the following conclusions: (1) The level of girls was higher than boys’ in honesty-humility personality. (2) The students who were not the only child in their families got higher scores in humility personality than those who were the only child. (3) The college students from rural area got higher scores in honesty personality than the students from city. We found the predictive function of honesty-humility personality by regression analysis, the result showed that: (1) Honesty personality could explain the 13.7% variation of emotional intelligence. Honesty personality could positively predict emotional intelligence (p<.001). (2) Honesty personality could explain the 4.7% variation of positive coping styles and 5.7% variation of negative coping styles. Honesty personality could positively predict positive coping styles (p<.01) and negatively predict negative coping styles (p<.01). (3) Honesty-humility personality could be combined to explain the 10.6% variation of the motivation of pursuiting of success. Honesty personality could positively predict the motivation of pursuiting of success (p<.001). Humility personality could negatively predict the motivation of pursuiting of success (p<.001). In experiment 3, the questionnaire of Chinese Honesty and Humility Personality (CHHP) and Implicit Associate Tests (IAT) were used to differentiate the participants’ explicit and implicit level of honesty personality and humility personality. We found that implicit effect of honesty personality and humility personality existed. The structural equation model proved that implicit honesty personality and explicit honesty personality were independent of each other, so does humility personality. Results from three experiments suggest that the Chinese people’s honesty-humility personality can be composed of structural equation model, which includes 8 factors in the first-order and 2 factors in the second-order. What’s more, the honesty personality could effectively predict emotional intelligence, coping styles and the motivation of pursuiting of success. Humility personality could effectively predict the motivation of pursuiting of success. At the same time, the result also provides the implicit effect of honesty personality and humility personality. At last, we should pay attention to the separation of implicit honesty personality and humility personality.

Key words: honesty, humility, characteristic, culture, implicit