ADHD的抑制缺陷和厌恶延迟—来自双通道理论的解释

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 行为抑制理论认为抑制功能的落后是ADHD的核心缺损所在，Sonuga-Barke的厌恶延迟理论认为ADHD起因是厌恶延迟而非抑制缺损，但该理论并不能解释ADHD的全部症状，Sonuga-Barke将厌恶延迟理论作了修正，提出了双通道模型。该模型认为ADHD的抑制缺陷和厌恶延迟同时存在，相互独立，模型的认知发展通道关注抑制控制缺陷对ADHD的影响，而动机发展通道则认为ADHD儿童是因奖励回路紊乱而引起异常的厌恶延迟的动机风格。本文介绍了双通道理论及相关的研究及其应用于ADHD诊断和干预的价值和局限性。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 抑制缺陷, 厌恶延迟, 双通道理论

Abstract: The behavioral inhibition theory regards the disinhibition as the core deficit in ADHD, but Sonuga-Barke’s delay aversion theory deems that deley aversion cause ADHD, not disinhibition. Delay aversion can not explain the all symptoms of ADHD, Sonuga-Barke modified his theory and brought up the dual pathway theory of ADHD. According the dual pathway theory, delay aversion and disinhibition co-exist and contribute to the symptoms of ADHD. The DTAP pathway emphasizes the defective inhibitory control of ADHD, and the MSP pathway emphasizes that the abnormality of the reward circuit causes the stronger delay aversion. This article introduces the empirical researches, diagnosis , intervention and the limitation related to the dual pathway theory.

Key words: ADHD, disinhibiton, delay aversion, the dual pathway theory

何梅张微宋红艳. ADHD的抑制缺陷和厌恶延迟—来自双通道理论的解释[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(4): 1018-1022.

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