关键词: 关键词：心理传记学, 问题意识, 研究方法

Abstract: Abstract In the course of the development of contemporary psychology, the separation of noumenon and method has led to a split between humanities psychology and scientific psychology. Scientific psychology is limited by natural scientific methods, and its concern for human nature is reduced to simple concepts and variables in the laboratory. However, the traditional psychobiography based on humanistic psychology， brings life story，life meaning and individual experience into the scope of problem consciousness, and faces the psychological dynamic system of human beings through the layer-by-layer interpretation of " suspense problem" so as to realize the direct attention to human nature. Psychobiography regards life story and psychological experience as analogies of text on the methodological level and interprets life story. From the perspective of hermeneutics, the hermeneutic process is not only a process of using hermeneutic methods to explore the original meaning of the text and the original meaning of the author, but also a process of self-understanding and self-construction by the hermeneutics. This requires the interpreter to have a sense of autonomy to define his own existence. As for the method operation, the interpreter should not rigidly adhere to a certain method system, but should maintain an open attitude towards the method and enter the historical scene of the life story and psychological events of the preacher through the historical materials of the preacher, so as to reach a dialogue with the preacher for interpretation. Combined with the current research methods commonly used in psychobiographical studies, in the aspect of collecting biographical data, we can draw lessons from the historical sources of Chinese traditional empirical historiography and the long-compiled textual research methods to obtain full and true biographical data. In terms of research model, according to the personality adjective evaluation method in the mainland quality combination model, the adjective analysis is further introduced into the consideration dimension of historical change by referring to the method of concept history. On the mode of causal explanation, we should pay attention to the judgment conditions of causal mechanism and introduce the method of event sociology into causal explanation to expand the scope of psychological biographical explanation. In the application of theory, the theory is used as the basis of historical data inference, the reference of causal explanation and the clue of narration. The continuous development of psychological biographies will provide new vitality for the development of psychology. First of all, at the level of psychological theory, the research results of psychological biographies can help other researchers find the blind spots of existing psychological achievements and further promote the perfection of psychological theory. Secondly, in the aspect of popular science of psychology, it can also promote the research results of psychology to the public in a way that is closer to the public and more acceptable to the public. Finally, the study of psychological biographies of special characters also demarcates the boundaries of human nature and reveals the spiritual strength of human beings with exemplary, brilliant or dark side, so as to stimulate human potential and resist the dark side of human nature.

Key words: Keywords ：Psychobiography, Problem Awareness, Research Methods