Abstract: The aesthetic experiences must be based on certain nervous physiology of human. The extant literature shows that the orbit-frontal cortex is differentially engaged in the perception of beautiful and ugly stimuli, regardless of the category of painting, and that the perception of stimuli as beautiful or ugly mobilizes the motor cortex differentially. The evidence from Event-Related Potentials shows us: beautiful stimuli will stimulate much larger P3 than the ugly and neutral stimuli. This result is in accordance with the conclusion of the pleasure emotions studies. Besides the neural activities, the blood circulatory system, the respiratory system, the glandular secretion system and the digestive system etc. all participate in the emotional process. So, the localizations of aesthetic brain and neural electrical activity can’t supply the most comprehensive and objective description. In addition, the subjective evaluation of experience of aesthetic feeling can’t reflect the differences of aesthetic emotions. Most research focus on the different physiological reactions between the positive emotions and negative emotions. Will the aesthetic experiences induce similar physiological responses as positive emotions? This is a important question in personal psychology and positive Psychology. This research uses HR (hear rate) and GSR (Gal- vanic skin response) as indexes and music and visual pictures as the stimulus to explore whether the subjects’ autonomous physiological reactions are consistent across the audio-visual channel under four different aesthetic styles. A four level single factor experiment design is employed in Experiment 1. Subjects were asked to listen to four different aesthetic types of music (including concinnity, comedy, sublime, tragedy), and evaluate their aesthetic feelings engendered by these music. The results show that to all of the four types of music, over 70 percent of subjects choose the corresponding aesthetic words to express their feelings, it illustrates that these music really induce subjects corresponding aesthetic experiences. A 2(visual and auditory channel) × 4 (four aesthetic styles) experimental design is used in experiment 2 to measure autonomous physiological responses. Participants were stimulated by the picture and music, and their heart rates and Gal- vanic skin response were recorded with polygraph. Firstly, the subjects’ baseline is tested for 2 minutes. Secondly, the subjects were accepted different stimulus (seeing pictures and listening to the music) and their physiological reactions are recorded. After 30 seconds, their recovery numbers are recorded for 2 minutes. Thirdly, the participants took part in others experimental level after 15 minutes. The result shows that stimulus of four aesthetic styles all makes the heart rate and skin conductance decrease regardless of auditory or visual channel. The reactions of comedy, sublime are more obvious than those of concinnity and tragedy. All of this indicates that aesthetic does have very relaxed function. We made an analysis of main effect and variance, the independent variables were different aesthetic styles, and stimulus channels and dependent variables were heart rate and Gal- vanic skin response. The result is that the aesthetic style has the pure main effect on HR and GSR, but there is no interaction between aesthetic and channel. We conclude that different aesthetic styles do induce different physiological responses and they have cross-channel consistency. Physiological responses to concinnity, sublime, tragedy, comedy aesthetic experiences are different from negative emotions, but similar to positive emotions, which prove once again that aesthetic experiences belong to positive emotions.

Key words: Positive Emotion, Aesthetic experience, Autonomous physiological reactions, Heart Rate, Gal- vanic skin response

摘要： 不同美感体验类型有何特异的生理反应？美感的生理反应是否类似于积极情绪？本研究以音乐和图片两类材料为刺激，以心率、皮肤电为生理反应指标，测量了不同审美状态下的自主生理反应情况。结果发现：不论是听觉还是视觉通道，优美、壮美、悲剧、喜剧4种审美风格的刺激都使被试心率和皮肤电下降；不同的美感形态所引起的反应不同，喜剧和壮美风格刺激诱发的自主生理反应变化相对于其他两种风格显得更明显，喜剧风格效果尤为突出；不同美感体验类型特异生理反应具有跨通道的一致性；四种美感体验类型的生理反应都不同于消极情绪，而类似积极情绪，从生理反应视角证明了美感体验递属于积极情绪。

关键词: 积极情绪, 美感体验, 自主生理反应, 心率（HR), 皮肤电（GSR）