内隐自尊和风险偏好对大学生职业决策的影响

心理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 180-185.

内隐自尊和风险偏好对大学生职业决策的影响

陈世平¹,张艳²,王晓庄¹

1. 天津师范大学
2. 天津市民族中学

收稿日期:2010-08-24 修回日期:2011-05-13 出版日期:2012-01-20 发布日期:2012-01-20
通讯作者: 陈世平
基金资助:
国家教育科学“十一五” 规划课题

The Effects of Implicit Self-Esteem and Risk Preference on College Students’ Career Decision-Making

Received:2010-08-24 Revised:2011-05-13 Online:2012-01-20 Published:2012-01-20
Contact: Shiping Chen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究影响大学生职业决策的影响因素和决策有效性，实验一、二分别从决策者心理特征（内隐自尊与风险偏好）和职业方案特征（框架效应与风险水平）入手，考察二者对大学生职业决策行为的影响。结果发现：内隐自尊和风险偏好的高低显著影响大学生择业倾向性；大学生对风险水平不同的职业方案的选择倾向由低到高依次为冒险、折中、保守方案；职业决策存在明显的框架效应。研究表明，大多数大学生倾向于选择保守的职业方案；高风险偏好的大学生倾向于选择冒险的职业方案；高内隐自尊大学生倾向于主动择业；积极表述的职业方案更受大学生所青睐。

关键词: 职业决策, 内隐自尊, 风险偏好, 框架效应

Abstract:

Career decision-making was a complex process and was bound to face in everyone’s career. A successful decision-making not only benefits the individual, but also the whole community. As the deepening of market economy and the worsening of the world financial crisis, the state of college graduates’ employment was getting worse. In the intense employment competition, it was crucial to students to make rational and effective career decision-making when choices were before them. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of career plans, implicit self-esteem, risk preference and framing effects on students’ career decision-making. In order to constitute a formal study of the career plans, a preliminary study had been carried out. Using self-designed career questionnaire, the preliminary study investigated 215 junior and senior students in two universities in Tianjin. The results revealed that: students most valued three factors in employment were: be in line with their interests, harmonious interpersonal relations and high income. Students most valued three vocational skills were, interpersonal skills, professional skills and expertise, and eloquence. The study consisted of two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the impact of implicit self-esteem and career plans on students’ career choice tendency, using a sample of 52 students, with 2(implicit self-esteem: high and low)×3(career plans: risky, moderate and conservative) mixed-design. Experiment 2 examined the impact of risk preference and framing effects on students’ career decision-making, using a sample of 46 students, with 2(risk preference: high and low)×2(framing effects: positive and negative)×3(career plans: risky, moderate and conservative) mixed-design. The results revealed that, (1)Career plans, implicit self-esteem and risk preference had significant influence on students’ career decision-making. The rate of active career choice tended to increase with the choice of risky, moderate and conservative plans. Students with high implicit self-esteem had higher active career choice tendency than students with low implicit self-esteem. And Students with high risk preference tended to active-make their career decisions. (2)There were interactive effects between risk preference and career plans. Only in the risky plan, students with high risk preference had higher active career choice tendency than students with low risk preference......

Key words: career decision-making, implicit self-esteem, risk preference, framing effect

陈世平张艳王晓庄. 内隐自尊和风险偏好对大学生职业决策的影响[J]. 心理科学, 2012, 35(1): 180-185.

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