Abstract: It is generally believed that media multitasking may negatively affect the execution of tasks, but some researchers have speculated that the multitasking experience would bring individuals richer attention resources and the adoption of attention allocation strategy in information processing. This means that experienced media multitaskers may be more tolerant of interference of irrelevant information than those with less experience and perform better in the integration processing of multi-sensory information. By adopting psychological rotation and lexical decision paradigms, two experiments were respectively conducted to explore the judgment performances of participants with different media multitasking experience on graphics consistency and true (or pseudo) words in the context of auditory information interference and audio-visual matching information. 140 participants were selected by using the Media Use Questionnaire. 35 participants (the top 25%) were assigned to high-experience group, and another 35 participants (the bottom 25%) were assigned to low-experience group. In total, 70 participants took part in the two experimental tasks. In experiment 1, the composite geometric figure was used as visual stimulus and the auditory condition was silence, short treble, or short bass. The auditory information was presented together with the visual information at the same time and the participants were asked to compare the original graphics with rotated ones and then tell the consistency of the two graphics. In experiment 2, taking true (or pseudo) Chinese characters as visual stimuli and the simultaneous presentation of Chinese words pronunciation as auditory stimuli, participants made lexical decision about true (or pseudo) words under the three conditions of silence, visual-auditory matching and visual-auditory mismatching. It is only in the case of true words that there is semantic consistency or inconsistency between visual and auditory stimuli. The results showed that: (1) Taking the judgment of graphics consistency as an experimental task, under the condition of silent and bass interference, the accuracy rate (AC) of low experience group was significantly higher than that of high experience group, while the difference of response time (RT) between the two groups was not significant. Under the condition of high voice interference, the RT of high experience group was significantly shorter than that of low experience group, and the AC had no significant difference. (2) Taking the judgment of true (or pseudo) words as an experimental task, for true words, under the three auditory conditions, the RT under the matching condition in the high experience group was the shortest, and its difference was not significant between high and low experience group. The AC of high experience group under the matching condition was significantly higher than that of low experience group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups under the other two auditory conditions. Under the matching condition, the RT of low experience group was significantly longer than that of the other two auditory conditions, and the AC was significantly higher than that of the silent condition. The difference of the AC between the condition of audio-visual matching and audio-visual mismatching was not significant in low experience group. For pseudo words, the RT of the low experience group was significantly shorter than high experience group in the three auditory conditions, and the AC was no significant difference between the two groups. This study indicate that compared with inexperienced media multitaskers, experienced media multitaskers are less interfered by irrelevant information and they have obvious advantages in the processing of integrating audio-visual channel information. The results also imply that those with media multitasking experience do have richer attention resources, wider attention spans, and more flexible attention allocation strategies.

Key words: media multitasking, auditory interference, audiovisual information integration, attention strategy

摘要： 采用心理旋转范式和词汇判断范式，探讨媒体多任务经验不同者，在听觉信息干扰和视听信息整合情境下对图形一致性和真假词的判断表现。结果发现：(1)以判断图形一致性为实验任务，在无声和低音干扰条件下，低经验组的正确率均显著高于高经验组，两组的反应时差异均不显著；在高音干扰条件下，高经验组的反应时显著短于低经验组，正确率则没有显著差异。(2)以真假词判断为实验任务，对真词的判断，在三种听觉条件下，高经验组在语音匹配条件下的反应时最短，与低经验组无显著差异，但正确率显著高于低经验组，与另两种听觉条件没有显著差异；低经验组在语音匹配条件下的反应时显著长于另两种听觉条件，正确率则显著高于无声条件，与不匹配条件差异不显著。对假词的判断，低经验组在三种听觉条件下的反应时均显著短于高经验组，正确率与高经验组均无显著差异。研究表明，媒体多任务经验丰富者相比经验缺乏者受到任务无关的纯短高音干扰的影响要小一些，在需要视听通道语义整合的加工中具有一定的优势。

关键词: 媒体多任务, 听觉干扰, 视听信息整合, 注意策略