Abstract:

The Relation among Social Withdrawal, Peer relationship and Social-information-processing in Middle Childhood Liu Aishu1, Yu Zengyan2, Yang Feilong1, Pei Liang1 (1Department of Psychology, School of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025) (2Department of Psychological Medicine, Qiqihar Medicine College, 161006) Abstract As the psychological and social risks associated with social withdrawal have become clear, social withdrawal has become a very important issue in developmental psychology and cross-cultural psychology since 1980s.?It has been found that socially withdrawn school-aged children were reported more negative self-perceptions, greater feelings of social anxiety and loneliness, higher rates of depression, and are more likely to be rejected by peers than their non-withdrawn classmates. Several factors have been proposed that may underlie the development and display of social withdrawal in childhood, including biological and physiological factors, as well as parental beliefs and practices. Another process that might underlie the development of social withdrawal is children's social information processing abilities. However, there has been surprisingly little research exploring the social information processing of socially withdrawn children. Although certain characteristics of SIP may place withdrawn children at risk for maladjustment, it is also important to assess those factors that can protect children from maladaptive social interpretations and coping strategies. One such protective factor for socially withdrawn children may be friendship. As such, the purpose of this study was to explore peer relationships and social information processing of the different types of social withdrawal in middle childhood, and to find the relations between peer relationships and social information processing of withdrawn children. Class Play Scale was used to screen 121 socially withdrawn children from 929 children from Grade 3 to Grade 5, and the control group was established. Peer Nomination, Friend Nomination and Friendship Quality Questionnaire were administrated to all the children and structural interview of social information processing was used to part of them. The results indicated that: 1.The peer relationships of passive withdrawn children, which weren’t significantly different from the control group, were best among the different types of socially withdrawn children, but that of active withdrawn children and mixed withdrawn children were worse than the control group. There was no significant difference on social status, mutual friends and friendship quality between passive withdrawn children and control children; 2.In general, withdrawn children showed lower level of ability to encode information, a preference for non-assertive, withdrawn problem-solving strategies to deal with hypothetical conflict situations, reported lower self-efficacy to act chosen response and had more performance deficits compared with control children. But among all subtypes of socially withdrawn children, active withdrawn children and mixed withdrawn children had more cognition deficits at the different steps of SIP model, such as more hostile attributions pattern, less response quantity. 3.The part mediator effect of peer relationships between social withdrawal and social information processing was confirmed; Multiple regression analysis showed that peer relationships and ability to act upon his chosen response could predict the socially withdrawn behavior negatively and strongly.

摘要：

应用班级戏剧问卷在小学3-5年级儿童中筛选退缩儿童121名（安静退缩52名，活跃退缩47名，混合退缩22名），同时设立对照组。集体施测同伴提名、朋友提名和友谊质量问卷，并对其中部分儿童实施社会信息加工的结构性访谈，探讨童年中期不同类型社交退缩儿童的同伴关系和社会信息加工特点之间的关系。结果表明，安静退缩儿童的同伴关系与一般儿童无显著差异，但活跃退缩和混合退缩儿童的同伴关系较差；活跃退缩儿童和混合退缩儿童与一般儿童相比，在社会信息加工过程中存在更多的差异；儿童的同伴关系在社交退缩行为与社会信息加工能力之间起到部分中介的作用；可从同伴关系和反应执行水平两个方面综合预测儿童的退缩行为。